Social Costs of Underemployment: Inadequate Employment as Disguised Unemployment.

This book compares the effects of two different kinds of underemployment-unemployment and inadequate employment relative to adequate employment. It studies these effects on self-esteem, alcohol abuse, depression, and, in cross-generational analysis, birth weight. Using longitudinal methods it measures and controls for reverse causation (selection). It studies a large representative sample of Americans from their late teens in 1979, to their early 30's in the last decade of the twentieth century through their stages of different business cycles. The results point to a rethinking of employment status as a continuum.