Paperback / softback. New. When the Ottomans commenced their modernizing reforms in the 1830s, they still ruled over a vast empire. In addition to today's Turkey, including Anatolia and Thrace, their power reached over Mesopotamia, North Africa, the Levant, the Balkans, and the Caucasus. The Sultanate was at the apex of a truly multi-ethnic society. Modernization not only brought market principles to the economy and more complex administrative controls as part of state power, but also new educational institutions as well as new ideologies. Thus new ideologies developed and nationalism emerged, which became a political reality when the Empire reached its end. This book compares the different intellectual atmospheres between the pre-republican and the republican periods and identifies the roots of republican authoritarianism in the intellectual heritage of the earlier period. ISBN 0415665442 9780415665445 [GB]

ISBN10: 0415665442, ISBN13: 9780415665445, [publisher: Routledge] Softcover 1st edition. 354 pages. 9.10x6.10x1.10 inches. In Stock.
[Exeter, United Kingdom] [Publication Year: 2011]

Routledge, Date: 2011. Paperback. New. 1st edition. 354 pages. 9.10x6.10x1.10 inches. 2011. Routledge ISBN 0415665442 9780415665445 [GB]

ISBN10: 0415665442, ISBN13: 9780415665445, [publisher: Routledge] Softcover Like New
[liverpool, United Kingdom] [Publication Year: 2011]

London Routledge 2011 Paperback New. Contains: Illustrations, black & white, Line drawings, black & white. SOAS/Routledge Studies on the Middle East . Includes: line drawings, black & white, illustrations, black & white.

ISBN10: 0415665442, ISBN13: 9780415665445, [publisher: Taylor & Francis 2011-02-28, London] Softcover Language: ENG
[London, United Kingdom] [Publication Year: 2011]